ICS2 for Logistics and Road Transport Operators: A Practical Guide to ENS Filing and EU Compliance
Summary: The EU’s Import Control System 2 (ICS2) requires road and rail operators to submit Entry Summary Declarations (ENS) before goods enter or transit the EU. Fully mandatory from 1 September 2025, ICS2 introduces stricter data requirements to enable pre-arrival risk analysis and smoother border controls.
To comply with EU safety and security regulations, logistics
companies and transport operators must provide advance cargo data when moving
goods into or through the European Union. The Import Control System 2 (ICS2)
is a central element of the EU’s customs risk management framework and applies
across all transport modes, including road and rail.
ICS2 shifts customs controls upstream by requiring
compliance before physical arrival at the EU border. For operators, this
represents both a regulatory obligation and an operational change.
Understanding Import Control System 2 (ICS2)
What Is ICS2?
ICS2 is the EU’s advance cargo information system designed
to strengthen supply chain security. It collects and analyses shipment data
prior to arrival or transit, enabling customs authorities to identify risks
earlier in the transport journey.
The Role of the Entry Summary Declaration (ENS)
The Entry Summary Declaration (ENS) is the core data
submission under ICS2. It supports pre-arrival risk analysis and allows customs
authorities to:
- Identify
high-risk consignments early
- Apply
targeted and proportionate controls
- Improve
supply chain visibility
- Reduce
unnecessary inspections for compliant trade
ICS2 replaces fragmented national systems with a harmonised
EU-wide approach.
Who Must Comply with ICS2?
Affected Economic Operators
ICS2 obligations apply to a broad range of actors involved
in moving goods into or through the EU, including:
- Road
and rail hauliers
- Logistics
service providers
- Freight
forwarders
- Postal
operators and express carriers
- In
certain scenarios, EU-based final consignees
Responsibility for ENS filing depends on the transport model
and contractual arrangements, but compliance accountability remains critical
across the supply chain.
ICS2 Requirements for Road and Rail Transport
Mandatory ENS Filing
For road and rail transport, ENS filing is mandatory
for:
- Goods
entering the EU
- Transit
movements across EU territory
- Multimodal
shipments involving road or rail
Key Data Requirements
A compliant ENS must include:
- Accurate
consignor and consignee details
- Precise
goods descriptions (generic terms are not permitted)
- Minimum
six-digit HS commodity codes
- Transport
references, routing, and carrier details
Examples of unacceptable descriptions include “general cargo”
or “spare parts”. Detailed and specific descriptions are required for effective
risk profiling.
ICS2 Implementation Timeline for Road and Rail
Phased Rollout
- 1
April 2025: ICS2 operational start for road and rail transport
- April–September
2025: Transitional period to support operator adaptation
- 1
September 2025: Full enforcement of ICS2 requirements
During the transition, implementation practices may vary by
Member State. Operators moving goods across multiple EU borders should monitor
national customs guidance closely.
How ICS2 Changes Cross-Border Compliance
From Reactive to Preventive Controls
ICS2 introduces a preventive compliance model. Risk
assessment is completed while goods are still en route, rather than after
arrival.
Impact on Operational Performance
For logistics and fleet managers, this creates a direct link
between:
- Back-office
data quality
- ENS
submission timing
- Border
crossing predictability
Incomplete or inaccurate data can lead to rejection,
intervention, or delays before clearance can proceed.
ENS Filing Models: Present and Future
Current Single Filing Requirement
At present, road and rail operators must submit ENS data
using a single filing model, where one party provides the complete
dataset.
Future Multiple Filing Solution
A multiple filing solution for road transport—allowing
different parties to submit partial data for one ENS—is expected in mid-2026.
Until then, operators must ensure internal and upstream data coordination.
Organisational and Technical Readiness
Systems and IT Integration
To comply with ICS2, operators must:
- Hold a
valid EORI number
- Use an
ENS-capable IT system
- Complete
mandatory self-conformance testing
ENS submissions can be made via the Shared Trader Portal
(STP) or the Shared Trader Interface (STI).
People and Process Readiness
Beyond systems, compliance requires:
- Staff
training on ICS2 data requirements
- Clear
processes for collecting accurate data from customers
- Internal
validation controls to reduce rejection risks
Many compliance issues arise from incomplete or poor-quality
upstream data rather than system failures.
The Business Value of Digital ICS2 Compliance
Although ICS2 is a regulatory requirement, effective
implementation can deliver operational benefits, including:
- Reduced
ENS rejection rates
- Faster
customs risk assessment
- Improved
predictability of cross-border movements
- Lower
administrative overhead
- Stronger
compliance governance
Embedding ENS processes into transport management workflows
helps align compliance with daily operations.
Key Takeaways for Logistics and Transport Operators
ICS2 is reshaping European customs by combining security,
automation, and data transparency. For road and rail operators, compliance is
no longer a border activity, it is a pre-arrival, data-driven process embedded
within logistics operations.
